Emanuel wagnek



Nov. 15, 1927.

. E. WAGNER STOVE AND FURNACE Filed April 1926 MENTOR W//;W

Patented Nov. 15, 1927. I

P v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMANUEL WAGNER, OF TOKOD, HUNGARY.

STOVE AND FURNACE.

Application filed April 1 1926, Serial No. 99,006, and in Austria Deember15, 1924.

The present invention relates to improvements in stoves and furnaces, and more particularly to that type which contains a magazine for the fuel. The invention is especial- 5 ly adapted for use in connection with bituminous or like coal.

Goals of the type mentioned contain a considerable amount of volatile combustible matter, forming a large proportion of the heat producin or heat developing power of the fuel. When fuel of this type is heated, it soon loses its combustible gases and thus a great part of its heating value. It is a well-known fact that fuels of this 1 type develop at the start a considerable amount of heat, but, after the volatile matter has beenconsumed, the heat generated by the residue decreases greatly. Therefore, in order to burn such fuel continuously and with a uniform rateof heat emission, it must be kept cool until it reaches the combustion chamber. This has been accomplished here;

tofore by providing a fuel container or magazine which is keptisolated from the heat emitting or heat radiating surface of the stove by an insulating layer of air, the combustion chamber being placed more or less underneath the fuel magazine and adjoining the heat emitting'or heat radiating surface. In practice it has been found, however, that stoves constructed in accordance with these principles are too complicated'for domestic use, they containing so many doors and openings that their proper handling requires special knowledge, which cannotbe expected from persons usually attending the same. Even if properly handled, such stoves and furnaces possess objectionable features, which make them un- 4 the magazine do not make an air-tight clo- -suitable for general use. For instance, gasesv sure, or are opened in order to replenish the fuel, the gases are ignited, explode and enter the room. I

The main object of the present invention is toprovide a stove or furnace whereinthe difliculties above referred to are overcome.

Generally speaking, the mventlon consists 1n causing a downward draught ofair in the fuel magazine, whereby the coal' gases are caused to pass through the incandescent fuel bed in the combustion chamber and are thus completely consumed, and in so arranging the elements of the stove or furnace that the direct-ion of flow of said gases remains unnace, it including a horizontally extending grate 11, from which rises an inclined grate 12 the same slanting toward the front of the combustion chamber. 7 The last-mentioned grate may be removed from the combustion chamber through an opening 13, closed by a door 14. In alignment with the inclined grate rises from the combustion chamber a fuel magazine 15, the inclined grate forming, as it were, the bottom of the said magazine, the fuel sliding down the said bottom on to the horizontal grate 11. As appears from c Fig. 1 of the drawings, the fuel magazine is disposed somewhat forward of that portion 1 of the combustion chamber in which the ac tual combustion of the fuel takes .place.

The products of combustion, passing over av bridge 16 into a heating body 17 hereinafter to be described, have thus no tendency to flow into the fuel magazine and to heat the fuel contained therein- The heating body 17 may be of any'suitable construction and design and may serve any purpose, for instance it may heat air, water or generate steam, as required. In the case illustrated, it comprises a closed body,.having an outlet 18 near its top, the said outlet beingconnected with the chimney. Through the heating body extends a plurality of tubes 19, open.

both at their bottom and top, whereby the aircirculating therethrough is heated. As

- upper portion .of the fuel magazine is con-.

ply, passing into the ash appears from Fig. 1 of the drawings, the

magazine and heating body are separated by an insulating layer of air, whereby the fuel in the magazine is prevented from becoming overheated by the heat emanating from the heating body. i

7 Below the horizontal grate 11 is provided the usual ash pit 20, containing, 1f neces-v Sary, an ash receiver or ash pan 21. The ash (pit is also provided with a door, denote by the numeral 22, which maybe made integral with the combustion chamber door 14. On the ash pit door may be provided a shutter 23, for regulating the air suppit and thence into the combustion chamber;

The top of the fuel magazine 15 is closed by adoor 24, provided with a shutter of any suitable construction, to regulate the flow .of air into the said magazlne. A The nected with the ash pit b air pipes or air conduits 26 and 27, and t e ash pit is connected with the combustion chamber by air passages28, The outlets of the passages 28 in the combustion chamber are disposed adjacent thefirebridge and above the 'fuel bed. Immediately below the top of the fuel magazine is located within the latter a damper 29, for a purpose hereinafter to be described. a

The operation of the stove or furnace is as follows: Assuming that the shutter 23 on the ash pit. is in its closed position, it is obvious that air, entering through the shutter controlled opening in the magazine door 24, flows, in part, through the air pipes 26 and 27 into the ash-pit, passing thence through the grates 11 and 12 into the combustion chamber. Part of the air flowing. through the pipes 26 and 27 flows through the passages 28 directly into the combustion chamber immediately above the coal bed therein, thereby insuring a perfect combustion of the gases generated. Part of the air entering the top of the fuel magazine flows downwards through the said magazine,

. thereby scavenging the same, that is to say removing the gases accumulated or generated in the coal supply and leading such gases into the combustion chamber. Owing to this arrangement, obviously, gases cannot leave the stove or furnace even if themagazine door 24 is wide open. In order to restrict the fire to the fuel in the com-- bustion chamber and to prevent its spreading to the coal in the magazme, the damper 1 magazine being induced.

29 must be set in order to reduce the air moving downwards through the fuel magazine to the proper amount.

The products of combustion pass through the heating body 17, giving up their heat or part of their heat to the air flowing through the tubes 19 extending through the said heating body, and pass then through the outlet to the chimney.

If the shutter 25 on thefuel magazine door 24 is kept in its closed position and the shutter 23 on the ash pit door 22 is set to open position, air will move in the "air pipes 26 upwards, but the operation of the stove remains, the-same as above described, a downward draught of air in the fuel Instead of the heating above described, any other heating body may be used, for instance an ordinary stove body 17 hereinma be connected to the combustion chamber an the elements 00- peratin therewith.

It is to be noted that the andling of the stove or furnace herein described does not require special knowledge, as only a single air regulating device must be set. by the attendant, that is to say either the shutter on the magazine fuel door or the shutter on the ash pit door. The fuel in the magazine cannot catch fire if the damper 29 .is once set to allow the assage of only as much air through the fuei as is necessary. for removing the combustible gases therefrom and forcarrying these gases down into the combustion chamber.

It is obvious that, while herein the air inlets have been described as being formed either on the door of the fuel magazine or on the ash pit door, they may be provided in any other place without departing from the invention, which lies mainly in the provision of means for inducing a downward 'draught of air through the fuel supply in the magazine, so as to scavenge and cool the same for the purposesabove set forth.

What I claim is:

1.v A stove or furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a fuel magazlne associated portion of saidmagazine for regulating the amount of air flowing through said magazine.

4. A stove or furnace according to claim 1, comprising passages connecting the space 1, said fuel magazine being offset in relabelow the grate with said combustion chamtion to the grate in said combustion cham- 10 her, said passages terminating in the comher. 4 bustion chamber above the fuel therein. Signed at Tokod, in the county of Eszter- 5 5. A stove or furnace according to claim gem, in the Kingdom of Hungary, this 1st 1, comprising a heat emitting body con- 'day of March, 1927. nected with said combustion chamber. 7

6. In astove or furnace according claim EMANUEL WAGNER. 

